Preparation

Q. I have worked for the same company for 31 years. I plan to retire in 2005 and want to fulfill a long-time dream of having my own business. Is there anything I should be doing during the interim to assist in getting my business started on the right foot?

A. One of the keys to small businesses getting started and succeeding is thorough preparation. You are in an enviable position of recognizing, well in advance, that there are things you could be doing to be prepared to make this major move.

The first thing you must do is to determine what type of business you want to open. It may well be that you have made that decision, but in any event make certain that it is something in which you have an interest and know a great deal about. If you lack complete knowledge of the product or service you plan to offer, begin extensive research into those areas through reference material, data from trade associations, discussions with people who are familiar with this line of endeavor and, if appropriate, observation.

Next, take inventory of your personal life style; the long-term goals of you and your spouse; your health; and your financial resources. By the time you plan to start this venture you will have been working for at least 33 years. Are you and your family certain that you want to enter a phase where the working hours are likely to be longer than ever before and that time off for vacations may be impossible for several years? Starting and running a small business is extremely demanding, so be sure you are prepared to take this plunge.

If, after giving the matter serious consideration, you still want to pursue your goal then begin putting together a business plan. Many people associate a need for having a business plan with the need to borrow money and, at best, that need is always secondary. The greatest beneficiary of a business plan is the business owner who writes the plan.

You indicated in your question that having your own business has been a “long-term dream” and in many cases where such a dream has persisted for a long time the individual becomes emotionally involved in the process and that’s dangerous. When you become emotionally involved you begin to believe that if you could just get the business started you know it would succeed. That’s not so! The real benefit of the business plan is that it will force you to take a hard, objective look at every phase of the start-up and running of the business and make contingency plans in case things don’t go as originally planned.

In preparing the plan you will also determine how much money you are going to need to invest in the business as well as what is going to be the source of that money. Furthermore you must develop your personal monetary needs requires to maintain the life style to which you are accustomed with and the projected income from the business. In doing this you will soon determine is the projected income can accommodate both the needs of the business and your personal requirements. If it won’t then you had best re-examine your goal. After all your years of hard work you certainly do not want to risk any or all of your retirement nest egg in a venture that is not economically beneficial to you.

Another major factor that will be required in developing your plan is in defining who is going to buy your product or service or; in other words, identifying your target market. The key issues here will involve having good input in determining your target market and then having a marketing plan that will set forth how you are going to reach those potential buyers. In working your way through these evaluations you will become involved in identifying your competition, evaluating how they are performing and how you can compete with them. In addition, pricing of your goods or services has to be planned both to satisfy the need to be competitive and the need to provide a reasonable profit margin.

Further, as regards your marketing strategy, you must consider the important question of location. If yours is to be service business and customers don’t come to you, rather you go to them i.e., air conditioning service, then you can locate anywhere you want. If, however, yours is a business where customers must come to you, then location can be critical. In such a case you will need to make an extensive study as to what the key elements are that may apply to your business and what type of location can best serve those needs.

As you can see these and a lot more important issues need to be resolved before you make any final decision. Since you have the time to make your plans in a thorough manner, I encourage you to consult with SCORE counselors and gain all you can from their vast experience.